Now, air strikes by Russian and Syrian forces are continuing to ravage the city, while fighting between rebel forces and government troops takes a heavy toll. Images from before and during the war show some of the cultural heritage Aleppo has lost.
Aleppo, A Historic City In Ruins
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The Umayyad mosque in the Old City of Aleppo. The historic district, built in the 12th to 16th centuries, became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1986.
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Mosques and other buildings around Aleppo's historic citadel have been reduced to rubble.
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The clock tower of Bab al-Faraj Square is still standing, though piles of rubble show nearby damage.
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The formerly bustling Saadallah al-Jabiri Square